{"id":16291,"date":"2024-12-31T14:33:40","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T13:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/?p=16291"},"modified":"2025-04-11T15:42:24","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T13:42:24","slug":"titan-et-le-projet-dragonfly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/titan-et-le-projet-dragonfly\/","title":{"rendered":"Titan et le projet Dragonfly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Audrey Chatain, charg\u00e9e de recherches au CNRS (Laboratoire Atmosph\u00e8res, Milieux, Observations Spatiales) a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 Titan et le projet Dragonfly lors des derni\u00e8res Rencontres du Ciel et de l\u2019Espace. Titan est la principale lune de Saturne. Et depuis qu\u2019elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 visit\u00e9e par la sonde Huygens, elle intrigue les scientifiques. A tel point qu\u2019une sonde devrait atterrir \u00e0 sa surface en 2034.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/gSwBfHXX_400x400.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/gSwBfHXX_400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/gSwBfHXX_400x400-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/gSwBfHXX_400x400-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/gSwBfHXX_400x400-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/gSwBfHXX_400x400-320x320.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Par Jean-Paul Meyronneinc, sur la base des informations fournies par Audrey Chatain lors de la conf\u00e9rence donn\u00e9e aux RCE (11\/11\/2024).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Saturne, bien connue pour ses anneaux, dispose aussi, on l\u2019oublie souvent, d\u2019une myriade de lunes. Comme Jupiter. On en identifie pr\u00e8s de 150, dont une soixantaine ont re\u00e7u un num\u00e9ro ainsi qu&rsquo;un nom officiel. Ces lunes sont faites de roches et de glace d\u2019eau. La plus importante, Titan, a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverte en 1655 par l\u2019astronome Christian Huygens. Une dizaine a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverte par des observations faites \u00e0 partir de la terre. Les autres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9es lors du survol des sondes Voyager (1980) et Cassini (2005) et gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 de nouvelles g\u00e9n\u00e9rations de t\u00e9lescope (notamment ce qu\u2019on appelle les lunes externes, situ\u00e9es \u00e0 des millions de kms de saturnes) .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le nom de Titan fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9ration des dieux grecs. Les Titans sont fils de Gaia (la Terre) et Ouranos (le Ciel). Le fils le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre, celui qui d\u00e9tr\u00f4nera son p\u00e8re en l\u2019\u00e9masculant est Cronos (Saturne en latin). Le nom de Titan n\u2019a donc pas \u00e9t\u00e9 choisi par hasard. A noter par ailleurs que nombre des lunes de Jupiter portent des noms de Titans ou de Titanides&nbsp;: Rhea (l\u2019\u00e9pouse de Cronos et m\u00e8re de Jupiter), Japet (p\u00e8re d\u2019Atlas, d\u2019Epim\u00e9th\u00e9e et de Prom\u00e9th\u00e9e), T\u00e9thys (\u00e9pouse d\u2019Oc\u00e9an), Hyperion (p\u00e8re d\u2019H\u00e9lios, S\u00e9l\u00e9n\u00e9 et Eos), Pheb\u00e9 (m\u00e8re de Leto).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Une atmosph\u00e8re avec du m\u00e9thane<\/span><\/strong> :<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Revenons d&rsquo;abord \u00e0 notre lune Titan. C\u2019est, apr\u00e8s Ganym\u00e8de (lune de Jupiter), la deuxi\u00e8me lune la plus importante en terme de taille. Elle a un diam\u00e8tre de 5150 kms, un chiffre qui la rapproche de la taille de Mercure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Suivie de pr\u00e8s d\u00e8s les ann\u00e9es trente, l\u2019existence d\u2019une atmosph\u00e8re est av\u00e9r\u00e9e en 1944 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019astronome Kuiper, qui, \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un spectrographe \u00e0 prisme, identifiera le diazote (N2) comme composant principale \u00e0 98&nbsp;% et le m\u00e9thane (CH4) comme composant secondaire. Par la suite, on d\u00e9tectera \u00e9galement dans cet atmosph\u00e8re du di-hydrog\u00e8ne (H2) et des hydrocarbures (C2H2, C2H4 et C2H6). C&rsquo;est donc un environnement particuli\u00e8rement sympathique qui donne \u00e0 l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re de Titan une couleur jaune orang\u00e9e due \u00e0 des r\u00e9actions chimiques d\u00e9clench\u00e9es par les rayons ultra-violets. La sonde Voyager 1 a permis de d\u2019identifier l\u2019\u00e9paisseur de cette atmosph\u00e8re&nbsp;: plusieurs centaines de kilom\u00e8tres, une situation unique pour une lune du syst\u00e8me solaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La connaissance de Titan s\u2019est acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e en janvier 2005, par la sonde Huygens, qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 largu\u00e9e de Cassini (sonde qui a analys\u00e9 Saturne de 2004 \u00e0 2017), avec pour mission sp\u00e9cifique d\u2019explorer l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re et la surface du satellite. Huygens est arriv\u00e9e sur la surface en 2,5h de trajet sans encombres, dans une zone de sables et et de roche. De cette descente et exploration, on a pu imaginer que Titan avait des points communs avec la Terre : on y a vu des dunes, des plaines et des montagnes, des lacs et des rivi\u00e8res (surtout au niveau des p\u00f4les), des nuages et de la pluie, une pression quasi identique \u00e0 celle que nous connaissons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais derri\u00e8re ce paysage, une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 plus cruelle&nbsp;: la temp\u00e9rature au sol est de -180\u00b0, la surface est glac\u00e9e et les nuages qui se constituent pr\u00e8s du sol sont faits de m\u00e9thane. Il y pleut donc du m\u00e9thane et les rivi\u00e8res et les lacs sont constitu\u00e9es de ce m\u00eame composant chimique. Lequel s\u2019\u00e9vapore pour permettre de reconstituer des nuages de m\u00e9thane. C\u2019est comme notre cycle de l\u2019eau, mais avec du CH4.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Titan.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Titan.png\" alt=\"Titan et le projet Dragonfly\" class=\"wp-image-16292\" style=\"width:630px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Titan.png 684w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Titan-300x197.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Photo prise par la sonde Huygens lors de sa descente (ESA-NASA)<\/em>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">La mission Dragonfly sur Titan en 2034<\/span> :<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La sonde Huygens n\u2019ayant pas r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 tous les myst\u00e8res de Titan (compositions du sol, morphologie des lacs et rivi\u00e8res, processus g\u00e9ologique, volcanisme), une nouvelle exploration est pr\u00e9vue, la mission Dragonfly, sous l\u2019\u00e9gide de la NASA. Elle est le fruit de travaux men\u00e9s par l\u2019APL (Applied Physics Laboratory) de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 John Hopkins (Maryland), en partenariat avec plusieurs laboratoires europ\u00e9ens (dont le LAMOS du CNRS). Sa pr\u00e9paration est un sacr\u00e9 d\u00e9fi : plusieurs centaines d&rsquo;ing\u00e9nieurs et de scientifiques multiplient les mod\u00e8les sur ordinateur et les exp\u00e9riences au laboratoire pour tenter de reproduire au mieux les conditions sur Titan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Concr\u00e8tement, Dragonfly ressemblera un peu \u00e0 la partie Ingenuity de la mission Pers\u00e9v\u00e9rance. On aura une sorte de drone dot\u00e9 d\u2019instruments scientifiques, capable de pr\u00e9lever des \u00e9chantillons. En raison de la densit\u00e9 de l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re de Titan, la descente se fera de mani\u00e8re directe. Une fois atterri, il pourra commencer ses pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements et analyses. Et ensuite, se d\u00e9placer sur d\u2019autres sites d\u2019exploration (dans un rayon de 175 kms). La conduite de ce drone sera paradoxalement plus facile que celle d\u2019Ingenuity. Sur Titan, l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re est 1,5 fois plus \u00e9paisse que sur terre, ce qui n\u00e9cessitera des petites pales. Et la gravit\u00e9 y est 7 fois inferieure, ce qui demandera peu de puissance (11 fois moins que sur terre).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/drone-dragonfly.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"546\" src=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/drone-dragonfly-1024x546.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/drone-dragonfly-1024x546.png 1024w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/drone-dragonfly-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/drone-dragonfly-768x409.png 768w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/drone-dragonfly.png 1325w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Le Drone de la mission Dragonfly<\/em> (vue d&rsquo;artiste).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/NASA_Dragonfly_mission_to_Titan-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/NASA_Dragonfly_mission_to_Titan-1024x497.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/NASA_Dragonfly_mission_to_Titan-1024x497.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/NASA_Dragonfly_mission_to_Titan-300x146.jpg 300w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/NASA_Dragonfly_mission_to_Titan-768x373.jpg 768w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/NASA_Dragonfly_mission_to_Titan-1536x746.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/NASA_Dragonfly_mission_to_Titan-2048x995.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vue d&rsquo;artiste.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/largage-dragonfly.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"372\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/largage-dragonfly.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/largage-dragonfly.png 372w, https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/uploads\/2024\/12\/largage-dragonfly-167x300.png 167w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Largage de Dragonfly<\/em>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Reste maintenant le calendrier. La fus\u00e9e emportant Dragonfly doit partir en 2028. Elle arrivera six ans plus tard, en 2034, deux ans apr\u00e8s le solstice d\u2019hiver sur Saturne. Elle sera donc sur Titan \u00e0 la m\u00eame phase que Huygens (rappelons que la r\u00e9volution de Saturne est de 29 ans), ce qui permettra des comparaisons plus faciles. D\u2019ailleurs le lieu retenu est quasiment le m\u00eame que celui o\u00f9 a atterri Huygens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La mission est pr\u00e9vue pour une dur\u00e9e minimale de 2,7 ans. Mais les batteries de Dragonfly pourront lui donner une dur\u00e9e de vie estim\u00e9e \u00e0 8 ans maximum..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Retrouvez encore plus d&rsquo;informations sur <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dragonfly_(sonde_spatiale)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p id=\"pvc_stats_16291\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"16291\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Audrey Chatain, charg\u00e9e de recherches au CNRS (Laboratoire Atmosph\u00e8res, Milieux, Observations Spatiales) a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 Titan et le projet Dragonfly lors des&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_16291\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"16291\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/reperes-astro.fr\/%77%70%2d%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":16305,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-espace"],"yoast_head":"<title>Titan et le projet Dragonfly - 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